Yingakho amacala alesi sifo esiyingozi elokhu anda.
Amazinga e-syphilis yokuzalwa - ukudluliswa kwe-syphilis isuka kumama okhulelwe iye enganeni yakhe ku-utero - yizona eziphakeme kunawo wonke asebenawo emashumini amabili eminyaka.
Lesi sifo singase sibulale izingane, kodwa siyelapheka. Kodwa-ke, izikhulu zezempilo zomphakathi zithi lo mkhuba ukhombisa izinkinga ezijule kakhulu ohlelweni lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lwase-U.S.
Sekuyiminyaka, i-syphilis yokuzalwa, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-neonatal syphilis, ibilokhu isakazeka kakhulu.
Inani lamacala abikiwe liye landa minyaka yonke kusukela ngo-2012, nenani eliphelele lama-918 ngo-2017, ngokusho kombiko omusha weCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Izinga likazwelonke laliyizehlakalo ezingama-23,3 kubantwana abazalwa bephila abayizi-100, okuwukukhuphuka okungaphezu kuka-000% kusukela ngo-150 (amacala angu-2013 kwabayi-9,2 abazalwa bephila).
Uhlu lokuqukethwe
Ukwanda kwezifo zocansi e-United States
Amanani akhuphukayo aqhathaniswa nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi e-United States, eziye zanda eminyakeni yamuva. Inani lamacala e-chlamydia, i-gonorrhea kanye ne-syphilis liye landa njalo ngonyaka eminyakeni emine edlule, lafinyelela irekhodi lezigameko eziyizigidi ezingu-2,3 ngo-2017: inani eliphakeme kakhulu elake labikwa ezweni ngonyaka owodwa .
“Okungikhathazayo ukuthi i-syphilis ivamise ukuvela ngaphambi kwe-HIV. Eminyakeni edlule, besivame ukuthi uma ngiqala ukubona ukwanda kogcunsula kuzovela ezinye izifo ezithathelana ngokocansi,” kusho uDkt Jill Rabin, ongumqondisi ophikweni lwe-Ambulatory Care and Health Programs. Women’s Health-PCCAP, Northwell Health in I-New York.
Yena kanye nabanye bachaze ugcunsula ngokuthi "i-canary emayini yamalahle" yezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokuhlola, okusho ukuthi ingavela ngokushesha okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Uma ubona amazinga ogcunsula enyuka, nakanjani uzobona ukuthi amazinga ezinye izifo ezithathelana ngokocansi, okuhlanganisa ne-HIV, ayakhula.
Ukwengezwa kwamazinga e-STI akhuphukayo amathuba okudlulisela lezi zifo kubantwana.
Kungani i-syphilis yokuzalwa ikhathaza ikakhulukazi
I-Congenital syphilis ingaholela ekuphuphumeni kwesisu, ukubeletha, noma ukufa ngemva nje kokuzalwa. Lapho umntwana ezalwa, angase abe nesisindo esiphansi futhi angakabi yisikhathi. Ngokusho kwe-CDC, imiphumela yalesi sifo ingase ihlanganise:
- amathambo akhubazekile
- izinkinga zezinzwa nokulimala kobuchopho
- ubumpumputhe
- ubuthulu
- i-meningitis
- anemia
"I-syphilis iyaziwa ukuthi ithinta zonke izitho zomzimba," kusho uDkt. Jeffrey Klausner, uprofesa wezokwelapha emitholampilo esigabeni sezifo ezithathelwanayo e-David Geffen School of Medicine e-UCLA kanye noprofesa we-epidemiology e-UCLA Fielding School of Public. Impilo.
Futhi izingane zingazalwa ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakalayo. Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu zezinkinga zempilo ezingathi sína zingase zingabonakali kuze kube amasonto noma ngisho neminyaka kamuva.
Ngaphandle kwengozi ingane engaba nayo, izikhulu zezempilo zomphakathi zithe ukunyuka kwamazinga ogcunsula ozalwa nawo kuphawula ukwehluleka okuyingozi ohlelweni lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
"Uma sibona ukwanda kwe-syphilis yokuzalwa, siyazi ukuthi ikhono lethu lokuvimbela nokulawula ama-STD lidala izinkinga ezijulile zesistimu, nokuthi i-congenital syphilis ingenye yezifo ezivinjelwa kakhulu ngesistimu yezempilo yomphakathi ephumelelayo," kusho u-Klausner.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-syphilis kuyingxenye yokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha okujwayelekile. Ngokuvamile kunikezwa phakathi ne-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa futhi ngokuvamile ku-trimester yesithathu.
I-syphilis yokuzalwa ayibonisi nje ukwehluleka ngokwezinqubo zocansi eziphephile ezivumela ukuthi lesi sifo sisakaze phakathi kwabalingani, kodwa futhi nokunakekelwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Nakuba kungelona iphutha lodokotela ngokuphelele. URabin uphawula ukuthi abanye omama bangase bangakufuni ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha. Nokho-ke nomama okumele baqinisekise ngodokotela ukuthi bayahlolelwa ugcunsula bangahlolwa ngezindlela ezahlukene.
“Ungacabangi ukuthi udokotela uzokuhlolela yonke into okufanele uyihlole bese ubabuza ukuthi kungani kufanele uhlolelwe,” kusho uKlausner.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe kumele benze isiqiniseko sokuthi bathola ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okufanele ngoba uma lesi sifo sesiwela i-placenta, “muningi umonakalo owenzekayo,” kusho uRabin.
Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo
I-syphilis isalapheka kakhulu ngama-antibiotics, futhi iqiniso lokuthi ibuyela emuva iyakhathaza.
"I-syphilis isabela kakhulu ezinhlelweni zezempilo zomphakathi ezisebenzayo, kodwa idinga imali, idinga ukutshalwa kwezimali, idinga izinsiza," kusho u-Klausner.
Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa noKlausner, babhale phansi ukwehla okuphawulekayo kokusetshenziswa kwemali kwezempilo yomphakathi e-United States eminyakeni yamuva nje. Amanye amaqembu asengozini enkulu ye-syphilis, okuhlanganisa abantu abamnyama namadoda ayizitabane, athintwa ngokulinganayo yilesi sifo futhi kungenzeka ahlaselwe kakhulu ukwehluleka ekusebenziseni imali yezempilo yomphakathi.
Uma kuziwa ekuvimbeleni, u-Rabin no-Klausner bobabili batusa ukusebenzisa amakhondomu ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwe-syphilis nezinye izifo zocansi phakathi kwabalingani (nakuba amakhondomu enganikeli ukuvikeleka okuphelele). Ukukhawulela abalingani bocansi kanye nokwazi umlando wocansi wabalingani nakho kubalulekile.
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, ukunakekelwa okufanele ngaphambi kokubeletha kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ugcunsula alubangeli ugcunsula azalwa nawo enganeni.
“Kunezikhala ezinkulu emandleni ethu ezindaweni eziningi ukwenza lo msebenzi wezempilo oyisisekelo womphakathi. Abesifazane abanegciwane bayafeyila futhi abaziswa ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwabo. Odokotela abaziswa ngale miphumela emihle. owesifazane akakutholi ukwelashwa,” kusho uKlausner.
Iphuzu elibalulekile
Amacala e-syphilis yokuzalwa akhule minyaka yonke kusukela ngo-2012, ngenani eliphelele lama-918 ngo-2017, ngokusho kombiko omusha we-CDC. Izinga likazwelonke laliyizehlakalo ezingama-23,3 kubantwana abazalwa bephila abayizi-100, okuwukukhuphuka okungaphezu kuka-000% kusukela ngo-150 (amacala angu-2013 kwabayi-9,2 abazalwa bephila).
Lesi sifo singabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ukubeletha kanye nezinye izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ezinsaneni, kungaholela ekuphuphuthekeni, i-meningitis kanye ne-anemia, phakathi kwabanye.
Ingcwethi zithi lokhu kukhuphuka kubangelwa ukwanda kwezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi ezweni lonke. Nakuba i-syphilis ingelapheka ngama-antibiotics, uma ingatholakali ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, ingaba yingozi kakhulu kumama nengane.
