Isitofu sokugonya esiqinisekisiweyo esichasene nesifo sakudala sinesakhono esichulumancisayo sokunyanga isifo seswekile.
Abantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 abathathe inxaxheba kuphononongo oluncinci, lweminyaka esibhozo kwaye bafumana isitofu sokugonya i-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) - esetyenziswa ikakhulu ukunyanga isifo sephepha - babona amanqanaba eswekile esegazini abo ehla ukuya kufutshane nesiqhelo ubuncinci iminyaka emihlanu.
Isitofu sokugonya se-BCG, esaphuhliswa okokuqala ngo-1908, lolona nyango luxhaphakileyo lusetyenziswayo kwisifo sephepha. Inikezelwa kubantwana abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-100 emhlabeni wonke ngonyaka. Ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu ukunyanga umhlaza wesinyi kunye neqhenqa.
Uphononongo olwenziwe ngabaphandi kwiSibhedlele esiPhakathi saseMassachusetts (MGH) sisandulela, kodwa iziphumo ezinokwenzeka zibalulekile.
UGqr. Denise Faustman, umbhali okhokelayo wophononongo kunye nomlawuli welebhu ye-MGH's immunobiology, uxelele i-Healthline ukuba isitofu sokugonya sithatha ithuba lokukwazi kwentsholongwane yesifo sephepha esibuthathaka ukuyalela amajoni omzimba ukuba atye iimolekyuli zeglucose.
Wongeze ukuba ikwanqanda impendulo ye-autoimmune ephantsi kwezifo ezifana nohlobo lwe-1 yeswekile, i-multiple sclerosis kunye ne-fibromyalgia.
"Abantu ngokubanzi bacinga ukuba ukuba ufuna ukwehlisa iswekile yegazi, kufuneka utye i-insulin," utshilo uFaustman. “Siphuhlise enye indlela yokwehlisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi, ekhuseleke kakhulu, sisebenzisa isitofu sokugonya esineminyaka eli-100 ubudala. Oku kuvala umsantsa phakathi kokunika i-insulin ukulawula iswekile yegazi kunye nokubuyisela iswekile yegazi kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuba izigulana zibe yi-hypoglycemic, enokubulala. »
Ulingo lwezonyango lweSigaba sesi-II olwamkelwe nguLawulo lokuTya kunye neDrugs (i-FDA) luyaqhuba ukuvavanya isitofu sokugonya se-BCG kwiqela elikhulu lezigulane ezinohlobo loku-1 lweswekile.
Les résultats de la phase I de l’étude, que Faustman a récemment présentés lors d’une réunion de l’American Diabetes Association, ont été publiés dans la revue .
Uluhlu lwangaphakathi
Lenza ntoni isitofu sokugonya
Kangangamashumi eminyaka, abaphandi bayazi ukuba i-BCG yonyusa imveliso ye-tumor necrosis factor (TNF), ebulala iiseli ze-T ezizenzekelayo ezihlasela izicubu zomzimba - i-pancreatic islets, kuhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile.
Kwakhona kwandisa ukuveliswa kweeseli ze-T ezilawulayo, ezithintela impendulo ye-autoimmune.
Omabini la manyathelo anceda ukukhusela intsholongwane yesifo sephepha xa ihlala kwimiphunga yomntu.
Ngethuba lokuqala, uFaustman kunye noogxa bakhe bafumanisa ukuba ukulawula isitofu sokugonya se-BCG kubangele utshintsho kwindlela umzimba odla ngayo i-glucose, ngaloo ndlela uqinisa amajoni omzimba "ukutya" iswekile kunye nokunciphisa izinga le-glucose egazini ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Unyango lwe-BCG, olwenziwa kwizitofu ezimbini ngaphandle kweeveki ezine, ekuqaleni lwalunesiphumo esincinci.
Kodwa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kwizigulana ehle nge-10% kwiminyaka emithathu emva konyango kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-18% emva kweminyaka emine.
Kwiminyaka esibhozo kamva, izigulane ezinyangwayo zinezinga leswekile yegazi eliphakathi (HbA1c) ye-6,65, kufutshane ne-6,5 iqwalasela umqobo wokufumanisa isifo seswekile.
Amagama ambalwa esilumkiso
Abaphandi baxela ukuba akukho ziganeko ze-hypoglycemia enzima okanye iswekile yegazi ephantsi.
Iqela lophononongo belincinci – abantu abalithoba kumanqaku eminyaka emihlanu kwaye abathathu kumanqaku eminyaka esibhozo.
Le nyaniso iye yaphawulwa yi-American Diabetes Association kunye neJoslin Diabetes Centre.
"Ngokubanzi, iziphumo ziphakamisa imibuzo ecingayo, kodwa kungekhona iimpendulo ezicacileyo, kwaye aziboneleli ubungqina obaneleyo bekliniki ukuxhasa naluphi na utshintsho olucetyiswayo lonyango ngeli xesha," ngokwengxelo edibeneyo evela kwimibutho edibeneyo.
“Into eyonwabisayo ngolu phando lwe-BCG kukuba imveliso elula, engabizi kakhulu kwaye ekhuselekileyo ixesha elide inganceda ukunyanga isifo esiyingozi esinganyangekiyo,” uLaurie Endicott Thomas, umbhali weencwadi, uxelele i-Healthline ngezitofu zokugonya kunye nesifo seswekile.
“Nangona kunjalo, kukho isizathu sokuthandabuza. Ukuba iidosi ezimbini zesitofu sokugonya se-BCG ngokwenene ziyalunyanga uhlobo loku-1 lweswekile, kutheni kungekho mntu usiqapheleyo esi siphumo ngaphambili? I-BCG isetyenziswe ngokubanzi malunga nekhulu leminyaka. ”
U-Faustman uxelele i-Healthline ukuba idosi enye ye-BCG inokunganeli ukutshintsha amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.
Nangona kunjalo, waphawula ukuba uphando lwaseTurkey lufumene amanqanaba ancitshisiweyo ohlobo lwe-1 yeswekile kubantwana abafumana izitofu ezintathu ze-BCG xa kuthelekiswa nalabo bafumana isitofu esinye okanye ezimbini phantsi kwenkqubo yokunakekelwa kwempilo amanyathelo okukhusela kwilizwe.
Abantu baye bachanabeka kwisifo sephepha kwinkulungwane yeminyaka - kukho nobungqina besi sifo phakathi kwamaNeanderthals - ngokukaFaustman.
Oku kusenokunceda ekucaciseni ukuba kutheni le ntsholongwane inesicwangciso esichube kangaka sokuzikhusela, esimiliselwe ngokunzulu kumajoni omzimba womntu.
Ukujonga amajoni omzimba
Ukuza kuthi ga kwinkulungwane yama-20, abantu babechanabeke kwintsholongwane ngokutya nangamanzi, utshilo uFaustman. Isitofu sokugonya se-BCG ke "sibuyisela ubuqhetseba - le yinto ethi, kuluntu lwangoku, ayisekho kuthi".
Oku kuhambelana neethiyori zangoku zokuba ukonyuka kwezifo ezizimelayo kunokunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-antibacterial kunye ne-antiviral agents kunye nokuncipha kokuvezwa kwi-toxins yendalo, eneneni eyinzuzo kwi-microbiome esempilweni emzimbeni womntu.
Uphononongo olunxuseneyo, apho abaphandi kwiSibhedlele esiPhakathi saseMassachusetts baye benza uhlobo lwesi-2 seswekile kwiimpuku, bafumanisa ukuba i-BCG inokwehlisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi, icebisa ukuba unyango lungasebenza kunye nesifo.
Nangona kunjalo, uTomas ugxininisa ukuba abantu abanesifo seswekile se-2 akufuneki ukuba balinde ukugonywa, kuba ukunciphisa umzimba kuyo nayiphi na isizathu kunokunyanga isifo.
“Oku nako kunokulungiswa ngokutya okunamafutha aphantsi, okunekhabhohayidrethi eninzi. Ukutya okusekelwe kwizityalo okutyebileyo kwiicarbohydrates kunceda kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukulawulwa kweswekile yegazi, nangaphambi kokuba umntu anciphe kakhulu,” utshilo.