Kuenda pasina gluten kunogona kunge kuri kwehutano hukuru hwemakore gumi apfuura, asi pane kuvhiringidzika pamusoro pekuti gluten inetso kumunhu wese kana kune avo vane mamwe mamiriro ekurapa.
Zviri pachena kuti vamwe vanhu vanofanira kuzvidzivisa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehutano, zvakadai sevanhu vane chirwere chechiliac kana kusashivirira.
Nekudaro, vazhinji vari munyika yehutano uye yehutano vanokurudzira kuti munhu wese anofanirwa kutevedzera gluten-isina chikafu, angave ane kusashivirira kana kwete.
Izvi zvaita kuti mamiriyoni evanhu arege gluten netarisiro yekuderedza uremu, kuvandudza mafungiro avo, uye kuva nehutano.
Kunyange zvakadaro, ungashamisika kana nzira idzi dzichitsigirwa nesayenzi.
Ichi chinyorwa chinokuudza kana gluten yakakunakira iwe.
Zviri mukati
Chii chinonzi gluten?
Kunyange zvazvo ichiwanzoonekwa sechinhu chimwe chete, gluten ishoko rekubatana rinoreva marudzi akawanda akasiyana-siyana emapuroteni (prolamins) anowanikwa mugorosi, bhari, rye, uye triticale (muchinjiko pakati pegorosi ne rye) ().
Maprolamin akasiyana aripo, asi ese ane hukama uye ane zvimiro zvakafanana uye zvimiro. Maprolamin makuru ari mugorosi anosanganisira gliadin uye glutenin, nepo huru mubhari ihordein ().
Mapuroteni eGluten, akadai se glutenin uye gliadin, akanyanya elastic, ndosaka zviyo zvine gluten zvakakodzera kugadzira chingwa nezvimwe zvakabikwa.
Muchokwadi, yakawedzera gluten muchimiro chechigadzirwa cheupfu chinonzi yakakosha gorosi gluten inowanzowedzerwa kune yakabikwa kuti iwedzere simba, kukura uye hupenyu hwesherufu hwechigadzirwa chakapedzwa.
Zviyo uye gluten-ine zvikafu zvinoumba chikamu chikuru che, ine inofungidzirwa yekudyara mukudya kwekuMadokero kwakatenderedza 5 kusvika 20 magiramu pazuva ().
Maprotein eGluten anopesana neprotease enzymes anoputsa mapuroteni mugumbo rako rekudya.
Kusakwana kweprotein digestion kunobvumira mapeptides - mahombe eprotein, ayo ari mabhuroko ekuvaka eprotein - kuti apfuure nemukati memukati memukati memuviri wako wese.
Izvi zvinogona kukonzera mhinduro dzemuviri dzakaratidzwa mune akati wandei ane hukama ne gluten, senge celiac chirwere ().
Summary
Gluten izwi rinowanzoreva mhuri yemapuroteni anonzi prolamins. Mapuroteni aya haagone kugayiwa kwemunhu.
Gluten kusashivirira
Izwi rinoreva mhando nhatu dzemamiriro ().
Kunyangwe iwo mamiriro anotevera aine mamwe akafanana, anosiyana zvakanyanya maererano nekwakabva, kukura, uye kuomarara.
Chirwere cheCeliac
Chirwere cheCeliac chirwere chinoputika che autoimmune chinokonzerwa nezvose genetic uye zvakatipoteredza. Inobata chikamu che1% chehuwandu hwepasi rose.
Zvisinei, munyika dzakaita seFinland, Mexico uye vanhu chaivo muNorth Africa, kupararira kunofungidzirwa kuva kwakakwirira zvikuru - kunenge 2-5% (, ).
Chirwere chisingaperi chine chekuita nekudyiwa kwezviyo zvine gluten muvanhu vane hanya. Kunyangwe chirwere chechiliac chinosanganisira akawanda masisitimu mumuviri wako, inoonekwa sechirwere chinoputika chemukati mudumbu.
Kudya zviyo izvi kune vanhu vane chirwere chechiliac kunokanganisa enterocytes, iyo masero anoisa mudumbu mako. Izvi zvinotungamira mukukuvadzwa kwematumbo, chikafu malabsorption, uye zviratidzo zvakaita sekuonda uye manyoka ().
Zvimwe zviratidzo zvechirwere chechiliac zvinosanganisira kupererwa neropa, osteoporosis, neurological disorders, uye zvirwere zveganda, zvakadai sedermatitis. Asi vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere chechiliac vangave vasina chero zviratidzo (,).
Chirwere ichi chinoongororwa ne intestinal biopsy - inoonekwa se "goridhe chiyero" chekuongorora chirwere chechiliac - kana nekuongororwa kweropa kune chaiwo genotypes kana masoja ekudzivirira chirwere. Parizvino, mushonga chete wechirwere ndeyekudzivisa zvachose gluten ().
Kusawirirana kwegorosi
Kusawirirana kwegorosi kunowanzoitika muvana, asi kunogona kukanganisa vanhu vakuru. Vanhu vane gorosi allergies vane maitiro asina kujairika ekudzivirira emuviri kune chaiwo mapuroteni mune gorosi uye gorosi zvigadzirwa ().
Zviratidzo zvinogona kubva kubva pakunyorova kusvika kune yakaoma uye inotyisa hupenyu anaphylaxis - iyo inogona kukonzera kunetseka kufema - mushure mekudya gorosi kana kufema hupfu hwegorosi.
Chirwere chegorosi chakasiyana nechirwere chechiliac, uye zvinokwanisika kuva nemamiriro ose maviri.
Kusawirirana kwegorosi kunowanzoonekwa nevarapi vachishandisa ropa kana bvunzo dzeganda.
Non-celiac gluten kunzwa
Ruzhinji rwevanhu vanoshuma zviratidzo mushure mekudya gluten, kunyangwe vasina chirwere chechiliac kana chirwere chegorosi ().
Non-celiac (NCGS) inotaridzirwa kana munhu asina imwe yemamiriro ezvinhu ari pamusoro apa asi achine zviratidzo zvehuta uye zvimwe zviratidzo - zvakadai semusoro, kuneta uye kurwadziwa kwemajoini - pavanodya gluten ().
Chirwere cheCeliac uye kukanganiswa kwegorosi kunofanirwa kubviswa kana uchiongorora NCGS nekuti zviratidzo zvinopindirana mune ese aya mamiriro.
Kufanana nevanhu vane chirwere chechiliac kana chirwere chegorosi, vanhu vane NCGS vanotaura zviratidzo zvakavandudzwa pavanotevera kudya kusina gluten.
Summary
Gluten kusashivirira kunoreva chirwere chechiliac, gorosi allergy uye CGS. Kunyangwe zvimwe zviratidzo zvinopindirana, aya mamiriro ane misiyano yakakura.
Vamwe vanhu vanogona kubatsirwa kubva kune-gluten-isina kudya
Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti kutevera kudya-kusina gluten kunoshanda mukuderedza zviratidzo zvine chekuita nemamiriro akati wandei. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzakazvibatanidzawo nekudzivirirwa kwezvimwe zvirwere.
Autoimmune chirwere
Kune akati wandei dzidziso dzekuti nei gluten ichigona kukonzera kana kuwedzera zvirwere zve autoimmune, senge Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Type 1 chirwere cheshuga, chirwere cheGrave, uye rheumatoid arthritis.
Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti zvirwere zve autoimmune zvinogovana zvakajairika majini uye nzira dzekudzivirira zvirwere ne.
Molecular mimicry inzira yakatsanangurwa senzira iyo gluten inotanga kana kuwedzera chirwere che autoimmune. Apa ndipo apo antigen yekune dzimwe nyika - chinhu chinokurudzira mhinduro yezvirwere zvemuviri - inogovana zvakafanana nemaantigens mumuviri wako ().
Kudya zvikafu zvine maantigen akafanana aya zvinogona kutungamira mukugadzirwa kwemasoja ekudzivirira chirwere anopindirana neese akapinzwa antigen uye matishu emuviri wako ().
Muchokwadi, chirwere chechiliac chinosanganiswa nenjodzi yakanyanya yekuve nezvimwe zvirwere zve autoimmune uye inowanzoitika kune vanhu vane zvimwe zvirwere zve autoimmune ().
Semuenzaniso, kuwanda kwechirwere chechiliac kunofungidzirwa kuti kunosvika kakapetwa kane kune vanhu vane Hashimoto's thyroiditis - chirwere che autoimmune - kupfuura munharaunda yeruzhinji ().
Naizvozvo, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinoratidza kuti kudya kwe-gluten kunobatsira vanhu vazhinji vane autoimmune zvirwere ().
Mamwe mamiriro
Gluten yakabatanidzwawo kune zvirwere zvemukati, zvakadai se (IBS) uye chirwere chinoputika (IBD), chinosanganisira chirwere cheCrohn uye ulcerative colitis ().
Pamusoro pezvo, zvakaratidzwa kushandura mabhakitiriya emudumbu uye kuwedzera intestinal permeability muvanhu vane IBD uye IBS ().
Pakupedzisira, tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti kudya kusina gluten kunobatsira vanhu vane mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, akadai se fibromyalgia, endometriosis, uye schizophrenia ().
Summary
Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinobatanidza gluten kune kutanga uye kufambira mberi kwezvirwere zve autoimmune uye zvinoratidza kuti kuzvidzivirira kunogona kubatsira kune mamwe mamiriro, anosanganisira IBD neIBS.
Munhu wose anofanira kudzivisa gluten here?
Zviri pachena kuti vanhu vazhinji, sevaya vane chirwere chechiliac, CNS, uye autoimmune zvirwere, vanobatsirwa nekudya kusina gluten.
Zvakadaro, hazvina kujeka kana munhu wese, zvisinei nemamiriro ehutano, anofanirwa kuchinja madyiro avo.
Dzidziso dzinoverengeka dzakagadzira kutsanangura kuti sei muviri wemunhu ungatadza kubata gluten. Imwe tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti magadzirirwo ekugaya kwevanhu haana kushanduka kuti agaye rudzi kana huwandu hwemapuroteni ezviyo anowanikwa mukudya kwemazuva ano.
Pamusoro pezvo, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza basa rinogoneka kune mamwe mapuroteni egorosi, akadai se (akananga marudzi emacarbohydrates), trypsin amylase inhibitors, uye gorosi germ agglutinins, mukubatsira kune CNS-inoenderana zviratidzo.
Izvi zvinoratidza kuomarara kwebiological mhinduro kune gorosi ().
Huwandu hwevanhu vanodzivisa gluten hwakawedzera zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, data yeUS kubva kuNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) inoratidza kuti kuwanda kwekudzivirira kwakapetwa katatu kubva ku2009 kusvika 2014 ().
Muvanhu vane NCGS yakashumwa avo vanoongororwa kuongororwa, kuongororwa kunongosimbiswa munenge 16-30% (,).
Asi, nekuti zvikonzero zvezviratidzo zveNCGS hazvizivikanwe uye kuyedzwa kweNCGS hakusati kwaitwa, nhamba yevanhu vanogona kuita zvisina kunaka kune gluten inoramba isingazivikanwi ().
Kunyange zvazvo kune kudzvinyirirwa kwakajeka muhutano uye hutano hwenyika kuti udzivise gluten yehutano hwese - iyo inokanganisa mukurumbira we gluten - kunewo humwe uchapupu huri kukura hwokuti kuwanda kweNCGS kuri kuwedzera.
Parizvino, nzira chete yekuziva kana iwe pachako uchizobatsirwa kubva kune-gluten-isina kudya mushure mekutonga kunze kwechirwere chechiliac uye gorosi allergy ndeyekudzivirira gluten uye kutarisa zviratidzo zvako.
Summary
Parizvino, kuyedzwa kwakavimbika kweNCGS hakusi kuwanikwa. Nzira chete yekuona kana iwe uchizobatsirwa kubva kune-gluten-isina kudya ndeyekudzivirira gluten uye kutarisa zviratidzo zvako.
Sei vanhu vakawanda vachinzwa zviri nani
Pane zvikonzero zvinoverengeka nei vanhu vazhinji vachinzwa zviri nani pane-gluten-isina kudya.
Kutanga, kudzivisa gluten kunowanzobatanidza kuderedza kudya kwe gluten, sezvo inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvokudya zvakagadziriswa, zvakadai sezvokudya zvinokurumidza, zvakabikwa, uye zviyo zvine shuga.
Zvokudya izvi hazvisi chete zvine gluten, asi zvinowanzovawo zvakakwirira mumakori, shuga, uye mafuta asina kunaka.
Vanhu vazhinji vanoti vanorasikirwa nehuremu uye vane marwadzo mashoma emajoini pane chikafu chisina gluten. Zvingangodaro kuti zvikomborero izvi zvinokonzerwa nekusabatanidzwa kwezvokudya zvisina kunaka.
Semuenzaniso, kudya kwakakwirira mumakrohydrates akacheneswa uye shuga zvakabatanidzwa nekuwedzera uremu, kuneta, kurwadziwa kwepamuviri, kuderera kwemafungiro, uye matambudziko ekudya, zviratidzo zvose zvakabatana neNCGS (,,,).
Pamusoro pezvo, vanhu vanowanzotsiva chikafu chine gluten nesarudzo dzine hutano, senge miriwo, michero, mafuta ane hutano, uye mapuroteni, anogona kusimudzira hutano uye kugara zvakanaka.
Uyezve, zviratidzo zvekugaya zvinogona kuvandudza nekuda kwekuderedza kudyiwa kwezvimwe zvinowanzoitika, zvakadai seFODMAPs (makabhohaidhiretsi anowanzokonzera nyaya dzekudya dzakadai sekuputika uye gasi) ().
Kunyangwe kuvandudzwa kwezviratidzo pakudya kusina gluten kungave kwakabatana neNCGS, kuvandudzwa uku kunogona kuve nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakanyorwa pamusoro kana musanganiswa wezviviri.
Summary
Kucheka chikafu chine gluten chinogona kuvandudza hutano nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka, zvimwe zvacho zvingave zvisingaenderane ne gluten.
Kudya uku kwakachengeteka here?
Kunyangwe vazhinji vezvehutano vanoratidza neimwe nzira, kutevera gluten-isina kudya kune hungwaru, kunyangwe kune vanhu vasinganyatso kuida.
Kucheka gorosi uye zvimwe zviyo kana zvigadzirwa zvine gluten hazvizove nemhedzisiro yehutano husina kunaka, chero bedzi zvigadzirwa izvi zvichitsiviwa nekudya kunovaka muviri.
Zvese zvinovaka muviri zvinowanikwa muzviyo zvine gluten, senge B mavhitaminzi, faibha, zinc, iron uye potasium, zvinogona kutsiviwa zviri nyore nekutevera fomura yakanyatsoenderana ine miriwo, michero, mafuta ane hutano uye ane zvinovaka muviri mapuroteni.
Zvigadzirwa zvisina gluten zvine hutano here?
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nekuda kwekuti chimwe chinhu chisina gluten hazvirevi kuti chine utano.
Makambani mazhinji anotengesa gluten-isina makuki, makeke, uye zvimwe zvikafu zvakagadziriswa zvakanyanya zvine hutano kupfuura avo vane gluten-ane.
Ichokwadi, imwe tsvakurudzo yakawana kuti 65% yevaAmerica vanofunga kuti zvokudya zvisina gluten zvine utano, uye 27% vanosarudza kuzvidya ().
Kunyangwe zvigadzirwa zvisina gluten zvakaratidzwa kuva zvinobatsira kune avo vanozvida, hazvina hutano kupfuura izvo zvine gluten.
Uye nepo uchitevera kudya kwe-gluten kwakachengeteka, ramba uchifunga kuti chero chikafu chinotsamira zvakanyanya pazvikafu zvakagadziridzwa hazvigone kuve nechero hutano hunobatsira.
Mukuwedzera, isu tichiri kushamisika kana kutorwa kwekudya uku kunobatsira kune hutano hwevanhu pasina kusashivirira.
Sezvo tsvakiridzo munharaunda ino inoshanduka, zvingangoita kuti hukama huripo pakati pe gluten uye kukanganisa kwayo pahutano hwese huchanzwisiswa zviri nani. Kutozosvikira panguva iyoyo, iwe bedzi unogona kusarudza kana kuidzivisa kuchibetsera nokuda kwezvinodikanwa zvako zvomunhu oga.
Summary
Kunyangwe zvakachengeteka kutevedzera gluten-isina kudya, zvakakosha kuziva kuti zvigadzirwa zvakagadziriswa zvisina gluten hazvina hutano pane izvo zvine gluten.
Chinonyanya kukosha
Kutevera chikafu chisina gluten chinhu chinodiwa kune vamwe uye sarudzo yevamwe.
Hukama pakati pe gluten uye hutano hwese hwakaoma uye tsvakiridzo irikuenderera mberi.
Gluten yakabatanidzwa kune autoimmune, kugaya uye mamwe matambudziko ehutano. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vane zvirwere izvi vachifanira kana kuti vanofanira kudzivisa gluten, hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kana kudya kusina gluten kunobatsira vanhu vasingashiviriri.
Sezvo pari zvino pasina bvunzo chaiyo yekusashivirira uye kudzivirira gluten hakuisi njodzi yehutano, unogona kuiedza kuti uone kana ichikuita kuti unzwe zviri nani.
