Zvekuita nechingwa kana wangoona mold pairi idambudziko remhuri rinowanzoitika. Unoda kuchengetedzwa asi kwete kupambadza zvisina basa.
Iwe unogona kunge uchinetseka kana mavara asina kujeka emukuvhu akachengeteka kudyiwa, kana achigona kungobviswa, kana kana chakasara chechingwa chakachengeteka kudyiwa kana pasina mold inooneka.
Nyaya ino inotsanangura chinonzi chakuvhe, nei chichimera pachingwa, uye kana zviine ngozi kudya chingwa chakaita chakuvhe.
Zviri mukati
Chii chinonzi chingwa mold?
Mold ifungus kubva kumhuri imwe chete nehowa. Howa dzinorarama nokupwanya uye kusveta zvinovaka muviri kubva muzvinhu zvinokura pazviri, zvakaita sechingwa.
Zvikamu zvisina kujeka zve mold yaunoona pachingwa ikoloni dze spores - iyi ndiyo nzira iyo fungus inoberekana. Spores inogona kufamba nemhepo mukati mepakeji uye kukura pane dzimwe nzvimbo dzepakeji ().
Ndivo vanopa mold ruvara rwayo: chena, yero, girini, grey kana dema, zvichienderana nerudzi rwefungus.
Zvisinei, haugone kuziva rudzi rwekuumbwa nemuvara wega, nokuti ruvara rwemavara runogona kuchinja pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekukura uye anogona kuchinja panguva yehupenyu hwefungus ().
Mhando dzeforoma dzinokura pachingwa dzinosanganisira Aspergillus, Penicillium, fusarium, mucor, et rhizopus. Pamusoro pezvo, kune marudzi mazhinji akasiyana eimwe neimwe yemhando idzi dzehowa ().
Summary
Mould ifungus uye spores dzayo dzinoita senge dzakamera pachingwa. Mhando dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzinogona kusvibisa chingwa.
Usadya chakuvhe pachingwa
kudya, semhando dzakashandiswa nemaune kugadzira chizi chebhuruu. Zvisinei, fungi dzinogona kukura pachingwa dzinopa kuravira kusingafadzi uye dzinogona kukuvadza hutano hwako.
Hazvibviri kuziva kuti rudzi rwekuumbwa rwuri kukura pachingwa chako nekungochitarisa chete, saka zviri nani kufunga kuti chinokuvadza uye kusachidya ().
Pamusoro pezvo, dzivisa kunhuhwirira chingwa chine chakuvhe, sezvo uchigona kufemera fungus spores. Kana iwe uine allergic kune mold, kuipinza kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ekufema, kusanganisira asthma ().
Vanhu vanoregeredza kuforoma dzakafukidzwa vanogonawo kusangana nezvinokuvadza - kusanganisira hupenyu hunotyisidzira anaphylaxis - kana vakaidya mukudya. Zvisinei, izvi zvinoratidzika kuva zvishoma (,,,).
Chekupedzisira, vanhu vane immune system isina simba, semuenzaniso nekuda kwechirwere cheshuga chisingadzoreki zvakanaka, vari panjodzi yekutapukirwa nekufema. rhizopus pachingwa. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingawanzoitiki, chirwere ichi chinogona kuuraya (,).
Summary
Mould inopa chingwa kuravira kusingafadzi, inogona kukonzeresa kusawirirana uye kukonzera hutachiona hunokuvadza, kunyanya kana uine immune system isina simba. Nokudaro, haufaniri kumbozvidya kana kunhuwa uchiziva.
Usaedze kununura chingwa chavhuvhu
Food Safety and Inspection Service yeUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) inopa zano rokurasa rofu rose rechingwa kana ramera mold ().
Kunyangwe iwe uchingoona makwapa mashoma efungus, midzi yawo ine microscopic inogona kupararira nekukurumidza kuburikidza nechingwa chine porous. Naizvozvo, usaedze kukwenya mold kana kuponesa chingwa chako chasara.
Zvimwe zviumbwa zvinogona kugadzira chepfu inokuvadza, isingaoneki inonzi . Izvi zvinogona kupararira nechingwa, kunyanya kana mold kukura kwakakosha ().
Kunyanya kushandiswa kwemamycotoxins kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwekudya kana zvimwe zvirwere. Iyi chepfu inogona zvakare kurwarisa mhuka, saka usadyise chingwa chine utachiona kumhuka dzako dzinovaraidza (, , ).
Pamusoro pezvo, mycotoxins inogona kukanganisa hutano hwako hwematumbo, pamwe nekushandura kuumbwa kwehutachiona hunogara mumatumbo ako (,).
Pamusoro pezvo, kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kune mamwe mycotoxins, kusanganisira aflatoxin inogadzirwa nedzimwe mhando dze Aspergillus - yakabatanidzwa kune ngozi yakawedzerwa yekenza (,,,).
Summary
IA USDA inokurudzira kukanda kunze kwechingwa chose kana yakagadzira mold, sezvo midzi yayo inogona kupararira nokukurumidza kuburikidza nechingwa chako. Uyezve, mamwe marudzi ehowa anobudisa chepfu inokuvadza.
Maitiro ekudzivirira Mold kubva pakumera pachingwa
Pasina zvinodzivirira, hupenyu hwesherufu yechingwa chinochengetwa patembiricha yemumba kazhinji mazuva matatu kusvika mana ().
Preservatives nezvimwe zvinhu, pamwe nedzimwe nzira dzekubata chingwa nekuchengetedza, zvinogona kudzivirira kukura kwe mold.
Ingredients inodzivisa mold
Chingwa chinogadzirwa neMisa pachitoro chesupamaketi chinowanzo kuve nemakemikari anochengetedza, anosanganisira calcium propionate uye sorbic acid, inodzivirira mold kubva pakukura (, ).
Zvisinei, nhamba iri kukura yevanhu inofarira chingwa chine zvinhu zvakachena, kureva chingwa chinogadzirwa pasina mishonga inochengetedza ().
Imwe nzira ndeye kushandisa lactic acid mabhakitiriya, anoburitsa maasidhi ayo anodzivirira mold kukura. Parizvino, izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa muchingwa chakaoma (,,,).
Vhiniga uye zvimwe zvinonhuwira, zvakadai semavhavha, zvinogonawo kuderedza kukura kwefodya. Zvisinei, zvinonhuwira zvinogona kuchinja kunaka uye kunhuhwirira kwechingwa, saka kushandiswa kwavo kune chinangwa ichi kunogumira ().
Mazano eKubata neKuchengeta Chingwa
Kazhinji mold spores haagone kurarama pakubika, asi chingwa chinokwanisa kutora spores kubva kumhepo mushure mekubika - semuenzaniso, panguva yekucheka nekuputira ().
Aya maspores anogona kutanga kukura mumamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera, senge mukicheni inodziya, ine hunyoro.
Kudzivirira mold kubva pachingwa, unogona (, ):
- Ramba wakaoma. Kana iwe ukaona hunyoro hunoonekwa mukati mebhokisi rechingwa, shandisa pepa tauro kana jira rakachena kuomesa pasuru usati waisa chisimbiso. Hunyoro hunokurudzira kukura kwe mold.
- Cover. Chengetedza chingwa chakavharwa, sepaunenge uchichishumira, kuti udzivirire kubva kune spores mumhepo. Zvisinei, kuti udzivise chingwa chine soggy uye mold, usaisa chingwa chitsva kusvikira chanyatsotonhora.
- Isai chando. Kunyange zvazvo firiji ichinonoka kukura, inoitawo kuti chingwa chiome. Chingwa chinotonhora chinomisa kukura pasina kushandura magadzirirwo zvakanyanya. Kuparadzanisa zvimedu nebepa rewakisi kuti zvive nyore kunyungudutsa zvaunoda.
chingwa chiri panjodzi yekukura mold nekuti kazhinji chine hunyoro hwepamusoro uye kushandiswa kushoma kwemakemikari anochengetedza. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, inowanzotengeswa nechando ().
Zvimwe zvingwa zvinodzivirirwa nekuputirwa kwakakosha panzvimbo pekuchengetedza. Semuenzaniso, kuvhara kwevacuum kunobvisa okisijeni, iyo inodiwa kuti mold ikure. Zvisinei, chingwa ichi chinowanzosvibiswa mushure mekuvhura pasuru ().
Summary
Kudzivisa kukura kwe mold, makemikari anochengetedza anowanzoshandiswa muchingwa. Pasina ivo, chingwa chinowanzotanga kugadzira fungus mukati memazuva matatu kusvika mana. Kuomesa chingwa kunodzivirira kukura.
Chinonyanya kukosha
Iwe haufaniri kudya mold pachingwa kana chingwa chine mavara anooneka. Mold midzi inogona kupararira nekukurumidza muchingwa, kunyangwe iwe usingaione.
Kudya chingwa chakaita chakuvhuvhu kunogona kukurwarisa, uye kufema spores kunogona kukonzeresa matambudziko ekufema kana uine mold allergy.
Edza kuomesa chingwa kudzivirira mold.
