Le maltose ndi shuga wopangidwa ndi mamolekyu awiri a glucose olumikizana.
Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku njere ndi ziwalo zina za zomera zomwe zimaphwanya mphamvu zawo zosungidwa kuti zimere. Choncho zakudya monga chimanga, zipatso zina ndi mbatata mwachibadwa zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri.
Ngakhale maltose ndi wotsekemera pang'ono poyerekeza ndi shuga wa patebulo ndi fructose, wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maswiti olimba ndi maswiti oundana chifukwa cha kuzizira kwake komanso kutentha kwake.
Chifukwa chodziwitsa anthu zambiri za zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chamadzi a chimanga okhala ndi fructose ndi zotsekemera zina zomwe zili ndi fructose, makampani ambiri azakudya akusintha kukhala maltose, yomwe ilibe fructose.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mmene maltose imakhudzira thupi lanu, kumene imachokera, komanso ngati ili yathanzi kapena yosayenera.
Kodi maltose ndi chiyani?
Shuga ambiri ndi maunyolo aafupi opangidwa ndi mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono a shuga omwe amakhala ngati zomangira. Maltose amapangidwa ndi mayunitsi awiri a glucose. Shuga wapa tebulo, womwe umatchedwanso sucrose, umapangidwa ndi shuga ndi fructose.
Maltose imatha kupangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa wowuma, unyolo wautali wamagulu angapo a shuga. Ma enzymes omwe ali m'matumbo anu amaphwanya unyolo wa shuga kukhala maltose (1).
Mbewu za zomera zimapanganso ma enzyme omwe amamasula shuga ku wowuma akamamera.
Kwa nthawi yaitali anthu akhala akugwiritsa ntchito njira zachilengedwezi popanga chakudya.
Mwachitsanzo, pamene malting, njerezo zimamera m’madzi kenako n’kuunika. Izi zimathandizira ma enzyme mumbewu kuti atulutse maltose ndi shuga ndi mapuloteni ena.
Shuga ndi mapuloteni omwe ali mu malt ndi othandiza kwambiri ku yisiti. Chifukwa chake chimera chidakhala chofunikira popanga mowa, kachasu ndi vinyo wosasa.
Mbewu za malted zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'maswiti ndi mchere ngati zotsekemera.
Maltose atha kugulidwa ngati makhiristo owuma ogulitsidwa pazida zofusira moŵa kapena ngati madzi ogulitsidwa ndi zinthu zophika. Madziwo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku chimanga, koma sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi madzi a chimanga a fructose.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maltose m'maphikidwe anu monga 1: 1 m'malo mwa shuga wina. Maltose siwotsekemera ngati sucrose kapena fructose. Chifukwa chake, m'maphikidwe ena kupitilira pang'ono 1: 1 pangafunike kuti mukwaniritse kukoma komwe mukufuna.
Chidule cha nkhaniyi: Maltose amapangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa wowuma. Izi zimachitika m'matumbo anu mutadya wowuma, komanso mbewu ndi mbewu zina zikayamba kumera. Shuga ameneyu ndi wofunika popanga moŵa komanso ngati chotsekemera.
Zakudya zokhala ndi maltose
Zakudya zambiri zimakhala ndi maltose (2).
Mutha kuzipeza mu tirigu, chimanga, balere, ndi mbewu zingapo zakale. Mbewu zambiri zam'mawa zimagwiritsanso ntchito mbewu zouma kuti zipereke kukoma kwachilengedwe.
Zipatso ndi gwero lina la maltose muzakudya, makamaka mapichesi ndi mapeyala. Mbatata imakhala ndi maltose wambiri kuposa zakudya zina zambiri, zomwe zimafotokozera kukoma kwake.
Madzi ambiri amapeza kukoma kwawo kuchokera ku maltose. Madzi a chimanga a maltose amapereka 50% kapena kupitilirapo shuga wake ngati maltose. Ndizothandiza kupanga maswiti olimba komanso zotsekemera zotsika mtengo.
Chidule cha nkhaniyi: Maltose amapezeka mumbewu zowuma, masamba ndi zipatso. Ndiwothandiza ngati gwero lotsika mtengo la shuga mu mawonekedwe amadzi a chimanga a maltose.
Kodi maltose ndi athanzi kuposa shuga wapa tebulo?
Nthawi zambiri anthu amagwiritsa ntchito sucrose, yomwe imatchedwanso shuga wapa tebulo, kuphika ndi kutsekemera zakudya. Ndi unyolo wina waufupi wopangidwa ndi shuga awiri, wokhala ndi molekyulu ya glucose yolumikizidwa ndi molekyulu ya fructose.
Popeza sucrose imatulutsa shuga onsewa, zotsatira zake zaumoyo zimakhala pakati pa glucose ndi fructose.
Komabe, fructose imakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri pa thanzi ndipo imapangidwa mosiyana ndi shuga.
Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi fructose kumatha kuyambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, kukana insulini, komanso matenda a shuga (3).
Popeza maltose amapangidwa ndi glucose okha, osati fructose, akhoza kukhala wathanzi pang'ono kuposa shuga wapa tebulo. Komabe, palibe kafukufuku yemwe wafufuza zotsatira za kulowetsa maltose m'malo mwa fructose, ndipo kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika.
Chidule cha nkhaniyi: Maltose ilibe fructose, mosiyana ndi shuga wapa tebulo. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mwa shuga wa patebulo ndi maltose muzakudya zanu kudzakuthandizani kupewa zotsatira zathanzi zodziwika bwino za fructose. Komabe, zotsatira za thanzi la maltose sizinaphunzire bwino.
Msuzi Wachimanga Wamkulu wa Maltose ndi Syrup Wachimanga Wamkulu wa Fructose
Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti shuga wa patebulo ndi wathanzi kuposa madzi a chimanga a fructose omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ziwanda.
Koma kwenikweni, zomwe zili mu fructose ndizofanana kwambiri. Shuga wa pagome ndi 50% shuga ndi 50% fructose, pamene high fructose chimanga madzi ndi pafupifupi 55% fructose ndi 45% shuga.
Kusiyana kwakung'onoku kumapangitsa shuga wapa tebulo kukhala wopanda thanzi kuposa madzi a chimanga a fructose (4).
Makampani azakudya ayesa kupeŵa malingaliro olakwika omwe anthu akuchulukirachulukira a fructose m'malo mwa madzi a chimanga a fructose ndi madzi a chimanga a maltose.
Ndipo angakhale olondola kutero. Ngati maltose imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa fructose, gramu pa gramu, ikhoza kukhala njira yathanzi pang'ono.
Nthawi zambiri, madzi a chimanga a maltose ndi fructose wambiri amatha kulowetsedwa m'malo mwa chiŵerengero cha 1: 1, koma mankhwala amtundu uliwonse amatha kusiyana.
Chifukwa chakuti fructose ndiyocheperako kwa inu sizimapangitsa kuti maltose akhale wathanzi. Kumbukirani kuti maltose akadali shuga ndipo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.
Chidule cha nkhaniyi: Kusintha madzi a chimanga a high-fructose ndi madzi a chimanga a maltose kungakhale ndi phindu laling'ono la thanzi chifukwa kungachepetse kudya kwanu kwa fructose. Komabe, palibe kufufuza komaliza komwe kulipo, choncho zambiri ziyenera kuchitidwa.
Kodi maltose ndiyabwino kwa inu?
Pafupifupi palibe kafukufuku wokhudza thanzi la maltose muzakudya.
Popeza maltose ambiri amagawika kukhala shuga mkati mwa chimbudzi, zotsatira zake zaumoyo zimakhala zofanana ndi magwero ena a glucose (5).
Muzakudya, maltose amapereka chiwerengero chofanana cha zopatsa mphamvu monga wowuma ndi ena dzuwa.
Minofu, chiwindi ndi ubongo zimatha kusintha shuga kukhala mphamvu. M'malo mwake, ubongo umatenga mphamvu zake pafupifupi kuchokera ku glucose. Izi zikakwaniritsidwa, shuga iliyonse yotsala m'magazi anu imasinthidwa kukhala lipids ndikusungidwa ngati mafuta (6).
Monga shuga wina, mukamadya maltose pang'onopang'ono, thupi lanu limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndipo sizivulaza (7, 8, 9).
Komabe, ngati mudya maltose mopitilira muyeso, imatha kuyambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, shuga, komanso matenda amtima ndi impso, monganso shuga wina (3).
Kwa maltose, monga momwe zilili ndi zakudya zambiri, ndi mlingo womwe umapanga poizoni.
Chidule cha nkhaniyi: Kafukufuku ndi wochepa, koma zotsatira za thanzi la maltose zimakhala zofanana ndi za shuga wina. Chifukwa chake, kumwa maltose pang'ono sikuvulaza.
Chotsatira chomaliza
Maltose ndi shuga zomwe zimakoma pang'ono kuposa shuga wapa tebulo. Ilibe fructose ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa madzi a chimanga a fructose.
Monga shuga wina aliyense, maltose imatha kukhala yovulaza ngati idyedwa mopitilira muyeso, zomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtima (3).
M'malo mwake, gwiritsani ntchito zipatso ndi zipatso monga zotsekemera. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuchepetsa shuga wowonjezera muzakudya zanu. Kuonjezera apo, ngakhale ali ndi shuga wochepa, amaperekanso zakudya zowonjezera monga fiber, mavitamini ndi antioxidants.
Maltose ingakhale yabwino kuposa shuga wokhala ndi fructose. Komabe, akadali shuga, choncho idyani mochepa.